DETAILED COURSE SYLLABUS
1. Course Overview
Instructor: Dr. Nannaji Saka
Contents: Introducing course instructors and registrants–Course syllabus and schedule–What is Tribology–Kinds of surface interactions–Tribology tree–
Definition of friction coefficient–Order of magnitude values of friction coefficient–Uses of Friction–Definition of wear coefficient–Order of magnitude values of wear coefficient–Uses of wear.
2. The Importance of Tribology
Instructor: Dr. Said Jahanmir
Contents: Tribology is an enabling science and technology that has had an enormous impact on the development of reliable and durable mechanical, electrical, and biological systems with moving parts. As an example, the first generation Model T Ford only lasted about 100 miles before a major engine overhaul had to be done. Today’s automobiles go on for at least 200,000 miles, thanks to our understanding of bearing/gear design, materials friction and wear processes, and the development of lubricant additives.
3. Surface Topography and Surface Properties
Instructor: Dr. Nannaji Saka
Contents:
(a) Surface Topography
Geometrical aspects of surfaces–Techniques of measuring surface roughness–Measures of surface roughness–Average roughness– RMS roughness– Maximum peak-to-trough roughness–RMS slope and curvature–Bearing length–Random rough surfaces–Summary.
(b) Bulk, near-surface, and surface properties
Definition of property– Mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, and magnetic properties–Coupled properties–Detailed mechanical properties: Young’s Modulus, Yield strength, fracture strength, fracture toughness–Surface energy –Interfacial energy–Contact angle –Summary.
4. Sliding Friction: Laws and Theories
Instructor: Dr. Nannaji Saka
Contents: Common friction and wear test geometries–Types of friction–Laws of dry sliding friction (Amontons’ Laws and Coulomb’s Law)–Theories of friction: Roughness theory, Adhesion theory, Deformation theory, and Plowing theory–Friction space diagram–Friction of undulating surfaces–Summary.
5. Tribological Testing I: Instrumentation
Instructor: Dr. Nicholas X. Randall
Contents: Simulation of real in-service conditions – Bench testing – Key Parameters – Energy dissipation – Test Geometries – Unidirectional continuous sliding – Rolling - -Reciprocating Sliding - -Fretting – Pin-on-disk Tribometer – Measuring friction coefficient and wear rate – Stribeck curve
6. Tribological Testing II: Demonstrations
Instructor: Dr. Nicholas Randall
Contents: This session brings the group to an MIT laboratory where they will see a range of tribological tests in real life, including pin-on-disk tribometer, scratch tester and nanoindenter. These demonstrations will be performed on a range of materials which exhibit different tribological characteristics.
7. Surface Temperature
Instructor: Dr. Nannaji Saka
Contents: Bulk temperature–Flash temperature–Equations for bulk and flash temperatures–Normalized or dimensionless variables–Maps of bulk and flash Temperatures (Examples of steel pin on steel disk, silicon nitride pin on sapphire disk, magnesia pin on steel disk.)–Summary.
8. Sliding Wear
Instructor: Dr. Said jahanmir
Contents: The basic definition of wear is damage or loss of materials from contacting surfaces. Wear occurs through various fundamental mechanisms and processes at the nano-scale and macro-scale. Adhesion, fracture, delamination, material transfer, abrasion, erosion, galling, and other forms of surface damage and wear will be described.
9. Abrasive and Erosive Wear
Instructor: Dr. Said Jahanmir
Contents: Hard particles or debris can cause abrasive and erosive wear. This lecture describes the mechanics and mechanisms of these types of wear and suggests how such damage can be mitigated.
10. Wear of Ceramics and Brittle Materials
Instructor: Dr. Said Jahanmir
Contents: Ceramics and brittle materials, in general, do not deform plastically, as metals do. Their wear process is related to small-scale fracture when to contact load exceeds a certain threshold. Modern ceramics used for tribology contacts will be reviewed, and the effects of load, temperature, speed, and environments will be discussed.
11. Wear of Polymers
Instructor: Dr. Nicholas X. Randall
Contents: Polymer friction and wear characteristics – Defining the Pv limit – Polymer wear mechanisms – Influence of temperature – Influence of lubricants – Viscoelastic properties – Influence of coating thickness - Effect of applied load on friction – Experimental validation of polymer friction – Influence of sliding speed
12. Wear of Coatings
Instructor: Dr. Nicolas X. Randall
Contents: Coatings mechanical properties – nanoindentation – scratch testing – ball-cratering - modelling coating tribological contacts – coating and substrate considerations – coating wear mechanisms – lifetime of coatings
13. Liquid and Solid Lubricants
Instructor: Dr. Said Jahanmir
Contents: Various types of liquids and solids used to provide lubrication are described. The properties and functions of hydrocarbon liquids are reviewed. The types of lubricant additives added to hydrocarbon base oils to improve the functions and durability of the fluids are reviewed.
14. Boundary and Thin Film Lubrication
Instructor: Dr. Said Jahanmir
Contents: Adsorbed thin, molecular films protect surfaces at high contact loads and low sliding speeds. The fundamental aspects of molecular adsorption and film formation are discussed, and the effect of molecular structure and adsorption strength is correlated with friction. Thin and soft films deposited on surfaces as solid lubricants are reviewed.
15. Fluid Film Lubrication
Instructor: Dr. Said Jahanmir
Contents: At high speeds and relatively low contact loads, contacting surfaces are separated by a thin film of fluid. The fundamental aspects of fluid-film lubrication will be covered. The design of hydrodynamically lubricated bearings will be reviewed. Hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and elastohydrodynamic bearings will be reviewed.
16. EHD Lubrication: Gears and Rolling Element Bearings
Instructor: Dr. Vern Wedeven
Contents: The mechanistic power of elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication is explained and demonstrated in detail within the context of rolling element bearings and gears using engineering design parameters. Dramatic examples in aerospace and other applications are given to show how mechanisms and their theory are essential for successful designs.
17. Tribology by Design
Instructor: Dr. Vern Wedeven
Contents: Tribology-by-Design (T/D) is a new theory, suite of test/analysis tools, methodology, process, strategy, and solution outcome. T/D utilizes Axiomatic Design principles to engineer the fundamentals covered in the course topics for the functional requirements of tribology contact interfaces. Innovative and rapid response design examples are demonstrated.
18. Axiomatic Design
Contents: Axiomatic design is a systems design methodology using matrix methods to systematically analyze the transformation of customer needs into functional requirements, design parameters, and process variables. The axiomatic design concept will be reviewed and a few examples will be used to illustrate how to use axiomatic design to satisfy various design constraints.
